Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-10 (of 10 Records) |
Query Trace: Teh L[original query] |
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CATMoS: Collaborative Acute Toxicity Modeling Suite.
Mansouri K , Karmaus AL , Fitzpatrick J , Patlewicz G , Pradeep P , Alberga D , Alepee N , Allen TEH , Allen D , Alves VM , Andrade CH , Auernhammer TR , Ballabio D , Bell S , Benfenati E , Bhattacharya S , Bastos JV , Boyd S , Brown JB , Capuzzi SJ , Chushak Y , Ciallella H , Clark AM , Consonni V , Daga PR , Ekins S , Farag S , Fedorov M , Fourches D , Gadaleta D , Gao F , Gearhart JM , Goh G , Goodman JM , Grisoni F , Grulke CM , Hartung T , Hirn M , Karpov P , Korotcov A , Lavado GJ , Lawless M , Li X , Luechtefeld T , Lunghini F , Mangiatordi GF , Marcou G , Marsh D , Martin T , Mauri A , Muratov EN , Myatt GJ , Nguyen DT , Nicolotti O , Note R , Pande P , Parks AK , Peryea T , Polash AH , Rallo R , Roncaglioni A , Rowlands C , Ruiz P , Russo DP , Sayed A , Sayre R , Sheils T , Siegel C , Silva AC , Simeonov A , Sosnin S , Southall N , Strickland J , Tang Y , Teppen B , Tetko IV , Thomas D , Tkachenko V , Todeschini R , Toma C , Tripodi I , Trisciuzzi D , Tropsha A , Varnek A , Vukovic K , Wang Z , Wang L , Waters KM , Wedlake AJ , Wijeyesakere SJ , Wilson D , Xiao Z , Yang H , Zahoranszky-Kohalmi G , Zakharov AV , Zhang FF , Zhang Z , Zhao T , Zhu H , Zorn KM , Casey W , Kleinstreuer NC . Environ Health Perspect 2021 129 (4) 47013 BACKGROUND: Humans are exposed to tens of thousands of chemical substances that need to be assessed for their potential toxicity. Acute systemic toxicity testing serves as the basis for regulatory hazard classification, labeling, and risk management. However, it is cost- and time-prohibitive to evaluate all new and existing chemicals using traditional rodent acute toxicity tests. In silico models built using existing data facilitate rapid acute toxicity predictions without using animals. OBJECTIVES: The U.S. Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) Acute Toxicity Workgroup organized an international collaboration to develop in silico models for predicting acute oral toxicity based on five different end points: Lethal Dose 50 (LD50 value, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency hazard (four) categories, Globally Harmonized System for Classification and Labeling hazard (five) categories, very toxic chemicals [LD50 (LD50 ≤ 50 mg/kg)], and nontoxic chemicals (LD50 > 2,000 mg/kg). METHODS: An acute oral toxicity data inventory for 11,992 chemicals was compiled, split into training and evaluation sets, and made available to 35 participating international research groups that submitted a total of 139 predictive models. Predictions that fell within the applicability domains of the submitted models were evaluated using external validation sets. These were then combined into consensus models to leverage strengths of individual approaches. RESULTS: The resulting consensus predictions, which leverage the collective strengths of each individual model, form the Collaborative Acute Toxicity Modeling Suite (CATMoS). CATMoS demonstrated high performance in terms of accuracy and robustness when compared with in vivo results. DISCUSSION: CATMoS is being evaluated by regulatory agencies for its utility and applicability as a potential replacement for in vivo rat acute oral toxicity studies. CATMoS predictions for more than 800,000 chemicals have been made available via the National Toxicology Program's Integrated Chemical Environment tools and data sets (ice.ntp.niehs.nih.gov). The models are also implemented in a free, standalone, open-source tool, OPERA, which allows predictions of new and untested chemicals to be made. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8495. |
Plague: Still a threat, but evidence and preparedness are keys to fighting back
Adalja A , Nelson CA . Clin Infect Dis 2020 70 S1-s2 For all practical purposes … the prognosis of primary pneumonic plague may be considered as well-nigh hopeless. | | - Dr. Wu Lien-teh, lead physician during Chinese plague epidemics, 1910–1921 [1] | | For the first time in the nefarious history of plague, a drug which will cure the pneumonic form has been found. | | - K. F. Meyer and S. F. Quan, 1949, referring to streptomycin [2] | | Plague is an infectious disease that has haunted the human species for millennia. The Justinian Plague in the 6th century and the Black Death beginning in the 14th century were civilization-shattering events, the effects of which were felt long after plague had dissipated [3]. What conferred this capacity on plague was its virulence, its transmission characteristics, and a lack of effective countermeasures, which did not appear until the 20th century. |
"Complexities in hindcasting models - when should we say enough is enough,"
Maslia ML , Aral MM , Faye RE , Grayman WM , Suarez-Soto RJ , Sautner JB , Anderson BA , Bove FJ , Ruckart PZ , Moore SM . Ground Water 2011 50 (1) 10-6; discussion 16-8 In a recent article, TP Clement (2010, hereafter referred to as TPC) discusses the complexities and limitations of "hindcasting" models and criticizes the use of complex models when undertaking investigations of subsurface reactive transport processes. TPC implies that complex numerical models that stimulate reactive transport processes in groundwater are likely if not always an inappropriate tool to apply to "hindcasting" investiagtions and that scientists and engineers who implement these investiagtions using such models are somehow not aware of teh technical and scientific complexities and limitations of such methods and approaches. To illustrate his point of view, TPC uses a case study of an ongoing health study of exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in drinking water at US Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina (hereafter referred to as the case-control health study at Camp Lejeune). The article presents some thought-provoking points-of-view. However, we believe there is a lack of detail on several key issues that require specificity and clarification, particularly with respect to modleing approaches and methods, the physics of containment occurrence and reactive transport in teh subsurface, and agency policies for the review and dissemination of data and reports. |
Composition of the heartwood essential oil of incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens Torr.)
Veluthoor S , Kelsey RG , Gonzalez-Hernandez MP , Panella N , Dolan M , Karchesy J . Holzforschung 2011 65 (3) 333-336 Incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens) is a tree native to Oregon and California, perhaps best known for its aromatic wood and use in teh manufacturing of pencils. The wood is also highly values for its decorative appearance and durability in lumber, related sawmill products, and fence posts. Chemical investigations of heartwood extracts have shown the prescence of carvacrol, thymoquinone, related p-cymene and p-menthane based phenols, tropolones. Heartwood durability was shown to be mainly due to the high concentration of the p-cymene phenols, such as carvacol, but as the wood ages these are converted to non-fungicidal compounds, resulting in decreasing durability. Recent investigations have found the steam distilled essential oil from heartwood to have significant biological activity against arthropods of public health importance such as fleas, ticks, and mosquitos, as well as Phytophthora ramorum, the organism responsible for Sudden Oak Death. In this paper we report on the GC-MS analysis of this essential oil. Nakatsuka and Hirose were first to describe the essential oil of incense cedar wood, but the oil had not yet been analyzed by modern methods. In the present paper the GC-MS analysis of this essential oil will be reported. |
Combined gene expression profiling and RNAi screening in clear cell renal cell carcinoma identify PLK1 and other therapeutic kinase targets
Ding Y , Huang D , Zhang Z , Smith J , Petillo D , Looyenga BD , Feenstra K , Mackeigan JP , Furge KA , Teh BT . Cancer Res 2011 71 (15) 5225-34 In recent years, several molecularly targeted therapies have been approved for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), a highly aggressive cancer. Although these therapies significantly extend overall survival, nearly all patients with advanced ccRCC eventually succumb to the disease. To identify other molecular targets, we profiled gene expression in 90 ccRCC patient specimens for which tumor grade information was available. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that cell cycle-related genes, in particular Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), were associated with disease aggressiveness. We also performed RNAi screening to identify kinases and phosphatases that when inhibited could prevent cell proliferation. As expected, RNAi-mediated knockdown of PLK1 and other cell cycle kinases was sufficient to suppress ccRCC cell proliferation. The association of PLK1 in both disease aggression and in vitro growth prompted us to examine the effects of a small-molecule inhibitor of PLK1, BI 2536, in ccRCC cell lines. BI 2536 inhibited the proliferation of ccRCC cell lines at concentrations required to inhibit PLK1 kinase activity, and sustained inhibition of PLK1 by BI 2536 led to dramatic regression of ccRCC xenograft tumors in vivo. Taken together, these findings highlight PLK1 as a rational therapeutic target for ccRCC. |
Human and environmental exposure assessment for nanomaterials: an introduction to this issue
Murashov V . Int J Occup Environ Health 2010 16 (4) 363-4 Determining whether a material or substance poses risk to human health depends on knowing not only the potential toxic characteristics of the material, but also the characteristics of exposure. To what concentrations are workers and general population exposed, for how long, and in what ways? Exposure assessment is particularly vital to answer the question of whether nanomaterials pose work-related health risks. Because of the relative newness of nanotechnology, as well as technical issues regarding metrics, availability of instrumentations, and questions about proprietary information, very little data on exposure to nanomaterials have been reported in teh scientific literature. At this stage, measuring or determining risk becomes a little like trying to solve mystery when major clues are missing. Scientists and engineers face this challenge even as the market for nanotechnology grows, and at the same time, there is increasing demand from diverse parties for guidance to underpin its responsible development. |
Dogs and cats as environmental fall hazards
Stevens JA , Teh SL , Haileyesus T . J Safety Res 2010 41 (1) 69-73 PROBLEM: Falls are the leading cause of non-fatal injuries in the United States. This study assessed the prevalence of fall injuries associated with cats and dogs in the United States and describes the types of injuries sustained, the location, activity, and circumstances under which they occurred. METHODS: Data were from a nationally representative sample of emergency department visits from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2006, available through the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP). RESULTS: Based on 7,456 cases, an estimated 86,629 fall injuries each year were associated with cats and dogs, for an injury rate of 29.7. There were 7.5 times as many injuries involving dogs as cats and females were 2.1 times more likely to be injured than males. Injury rates were highest among people aged ≥75, but pets were a fall hazard for all ages. Fractures and contusions or abrasions were the most common injuries; the highest rates were for injuries to the extremities. About 66.4% of falls associated with cats and 31.3 % of falls associated with dogs were caused by falling or tripping over the pet. An additional 21.2% of falls related to dogs were caused by being pushed or pulled. SUMMARY: Although pets were associated with fall injuries, this risk can be reduced by increasing public awareness about situations that can lead to falls, such as dog-walking and chasing pets, and by calling attention to the importance of obedience training for dogs to minimize hazardous behaviors such as pulling and pushing. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: Fall injuries represent a burden to individuals, our society and our health care system. Increasing public awareness and implementing basic prevention strategies can help people of all ages enjoy their pets, reduce their chances of experiencing pet-related falls, and lessen the impact of fall injuries on our health care system. |
A qualitative evaluation of fire safety education programs for older adults
Diekman ST , Stewart TA , Teh SL , Ballesteros MF . Health Promot Pract 2010 11 (2) 216-25 This article presents a qualitative evaluation of six fire safety education programs for older adults delivered by public fire educators. Our main aims were to explore how these programs are implemented and to determine important factors that may lead to program success, from the perspectives of the public fire educators and the older adults. For each program, we interviewed the public fire educator(s), observed the program in action, and conducted focus groups with older adults attending the program. Analysis revealed three factors that were believed to facilitate program success (established relationships with the older adult community, rapport with older adult audiences, and presentation relevance) as well as three challenges (lack of a standardized curriculum and program implementation strategies, attendance difficulties, and physical limitations due to age). More fire safety education should be developed for older adult populations. For successful programs, public fire educators should address the specific needs of their local older adult community. |
Unintentional fall injuries associated with walkers and canes in older adults treated in U.S. emergency departments
Stevens JA , Thomas K , Teh L , Greenspan AI . J Am Geriatr Soc 2009 57 (8) 1464-9 OBJECTIVES: To characterize nonfatal, unintentional, fall-related injuries associated with walkers and canes in older adults. DESIGN: Surveillance data of injuries treated in hospital emergency departments (EDs), January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2006. SETTING: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System All Injury Program, which collects data from a nationally representative stratified probability sample of 66 U.S. hospital EDs. PARTICIPANTS: People aged 65 and older treated in EDs for 3,932 nonfatal unintentional fall injuries and whose records indicated that a cane or a walker was involved in the fall. MEASUREMENTS: Sex, age, whether the fall involved a cane or walker, primary diagnosis, part of the body injured, disposition, and location and circumstances of the fall. RESULTS: An estimated 47,312 older adult fall injuries associated with walking aids were treated annually in U.S. EDs: 87.3% with walkers, 12.3% with canes, and 0.4% with both. Walkers were associated with seven times as many injuries as canes. Women's injury rates exceeded those for men (rate ratios=2.6 for walkers, 1.4 for canes.) The most prevalent injuries were fractures and contusions or abrasions. Approximately one-third of subjects were hospitalized for their injuries. CONCLUSION: Injuries and hospital admissions for falls associated with walking aids were frequent in this highly vulnerable population. The results suggest that more research is needed to improve the design of walking aids. More information also is needed about the circumstances preceding falls, both to better understand the contributing fall risk factors and to develop specific and effective fall prevention strategies. |
Emergency department visits for nursemaid's elbow in the United States, 2005-2006
Brown D . Orthop Nurs 2009 28 (4) 161-2 Nursemaid's elbow - also referred to as annular ligament displacement, pulled elbow, or radial head subluxation- is a partial or an incomplete dislocation of the elbow most often casued by a sudden pull on the extended pronated arm, such as in teh case of a child who stumbles while being led by the hand by an adult or by a parent tugging on an uncooperative child. The injury has been dsecribed as a slipping of the radial head distally beneath the annular ligament, although Kaplan and Lillis noted that the radil head does not move out of its position relative to the capitulum; rather, there is a dislocation of the annular ligament between the capitulum of the distal humerus. The anatomy and pathology of the elbow are described in detail elsewhere. |
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